Human Anatomy And Physiology

Nutrition and Dietetics · Level 6  ·  12 Chapters

Compiled by: Mary Jemutai

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What Human Anatomy And Physiology covers

In this unit, you will be able to confidently understand and explain the intricate structures and functions of the human body, from cells to complex systems like digestion, urinary, and reproduction. You will gain the skills to accurately describe how these systems work together to maintain health and recognize common disorders, empowering you to apply this knowledge effectively in real-life healthcare or technical settings. By the end, you’ll be ready to approach human anatomy and physiology with clarity and confidence, making a meaningful impact in your chosen trade.

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Careers after Human Anatomy And Physiology

Understanding the human body isn’t just about passing exams - it opens doors to many rewarding careers across Kenya’s health, nutrition, research and community sectors. Below are real-world places where the anatomy and physiology skills you’re mastering become the backbone of everyday work.

  • Public hospitals and county referral hospitals in Nairobi, Kisumu, and Nakuru - you use precise anatomical terminology to assess patients, explain diagnoses, and collaborate with doctors, earning a salary as a clinical nutritionist or health officer.
  • Private diagnostic laboratories in Kiambu and Eldoret - you identify cell structures and interpret cell-cycle findings in blood and tissue samples, providing vital information for disease detection and earning income as a medical laboratory technologist.
  • Community health centres in rural districts - you teach families about homeostasis, digestion and urine formation, helping prevent malnutrition and water-borne illnesses, and receive payment through government health programmes or NGO contracts.
  • School nutrition programmes in Mombasa and Nakuru - you design menus that respect digestive and acid-base balance, using your knowledge of the gastrointestinal and urinary systems to improve student health, earning a stipend as a school dietitian.
  • Sports academies and elite training camps on the coast and in the Rift Valley - you assess athletes’ respiratory efficiency and fluid balance, advising on breathing techniques and hydration strategies, and are compensated as a sports-nutrition consultant.
  • Maternal-child health clinics in Nakuru and Kilifi - you explain fertilisation, reproductive anatomy and common disorders to expectant parents, guiding prenatal nutrition plans and earning fees as a reproductive health counsellor.
  • Rehabilitation and physiotherapy centres in Nairobi’s Westlands and Kiambu - you map body planes and directions to design safe exercise regimens for patients recovering from injuries, receiving payment as a physiotherapy assistant or wellness coach.
  • Pharmaceutical manufacturing plants in Thika and Mombasa - you apply knowledge of cell structure and acid-base regulation to quality-control testing of drugs, earning a salary as a production chemist or quality-assurance officer.
  • Health-education NGOs operating in Turkana and Kitui - you create community workshops on body fluids, hydration, and disease prevention, receiving project-based remuneration as a health educator.
  • Research institutes and university labs in Nairobi and Eldoret - you conduct experiments on the respiratory and urinary systems, publishing findings that attract research grants and paying you as a research assistant or junior scientist.
  • Corporate wellness departments in large factories around Nakuru and Mombasa - you assess workers’ nutritional needs based on digestive and metabolic health, delivering on-site seminars and earning a consultancy fee.

Your grasp of anatomy and physiology equips you to improve health outcomes, drive scientific discovery, and build a thriving career wherever people need expert guidance about their bodies. Keep learning - the next patient, athlete, or researcher is waiting for the knowledge only you can provide.

Chapters

What Human Anatomy And Physiology covers: 49 main topics in 12 chapters

1. Apply knowledge of organization of the human body

  1. 1.1 Anatomical structures, positions, planes and directions
  2. 1.2 Knowledge of human body organization
  3. 1.3 Human cell structures
  4. 1.4 The human cell cycle
  5. 1.5 Homeostasis

2. Apply knowledge of body fluids and their functions

  1. 2.1 Divisions of the body fluid
  2. 2.2 Importance of body fluids
  3. 2.3 Body electrolytes

3. Apply knowledge of body tissues, membranes and their functions

  1. 3.1 Types and structure of tissues
  2. 3.2 Functions of tissues
  3. 3.3 Types and structures of body membranes
  4. 3.4 Functions of membranes

4. Apply knowledge of body cavities

  1. 4.1 Body cavities
  2. 4.2 Functions of body cavities

5. Apply knowledge of the human skeletal system and body joints

  1. 5.1 Structure of the human skeleton
  2. 5.2 Components of the axial skeleton
  3. 5.3 Components of the appendicular skeleton
  4. 5.4 Joints
  5. 5.5 Disorders of the skeletal system

6. Apply knowledge of the major muscles of the body and their functions

  1. 6.1 Structure of muscles
  2. 6.2 Types of muscles
  3. 6.3 Disorders of the muscles

7. Apply knowledge of circulatory and lymphatic systems and their functions

  1. 7.1 Structure of the circulatory system
  2. 7.2 Blood circulation
  3. 7.3 Functions of the circulatory system
  4. 7.4 Components of lymphatic system
  5. 7.5 Functions of the lymphatic system
  6. 7.6 Disorders of the circulatory and lymphatic system

8. Apply knowledge of the endocrine system and its functions

  1. 8.1 Components of endocrine system
  2. 8.2 Glands and their hormones
  3. 8.3 Hormonal disorders

9. Apply knowledge of the nervous system special senses and their functions

  1. 9.1 Neurons
  2. 9.2 Divisions of the nervous system
  3. 9.3 Nervous reflexes and impulses
  4. 9.4 Structure and functions of sensory organs
  5. 9.5 Disorders of the sensory organs

10. Apply knowledge of the digestive system and its functions

  1. 10.1 Digestive system
  2. 10.2 Process of digestion
  3. 10.3 Disorders of the digestive system

11. Apply knowledge of the urinary system and reproductive systems and their functions

  1. 11.1 Structure of urinary system
  2. 11.2 Process of urine formation
  3. 11.3 Acid base balance
  4. 11.4 Disorders of the urinary system
  5. 11.5 Structure of the human reproductive system
  6. 11.6 Fertilization process
  7. 11.7 Disorders of the reproductive system

12. Apply knowledge of the respiratory system and its functions

  1. 12.1 Respiratory system
  2. 12.2 Respiration process
  3. 12.3 Disorders of the respiratory system

Revise this unit

3 more for this unit

Beyond the syllabus

Other units in Module II