Departments› Refrigeration And Air Conditioning› Module VII› Computer Aided Design› Ch 1: Navigate CAD software
Refrigeration And Air Conditioning  ·  Level 6
Computer Aided Design
Chapter 1: Navigate CAD software
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⚑ What you will be able to do

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  • Identify the correct computing equipment and software needed for your CAD tasks.
  • Use drawing CAD software accurately to meet the specific requirements of your project.
  • Select the appropriate CAD software templates based on the type of drawing you need to create.
  • Import CAD files correctly into your working space following the drawing instructions.
  • Identify and apply the correct symbols, codes, and standards using the software’s built-in functions.
  • Apply drawing elements precisely according to the task requirements.
  • Use editing tools correctly to modify your drawings as needed.

Mastering these skills will help you create professional and accurate designs, making you confident and efficient in the computer-aided design trade.

1.1 Identification and care of computing equipment

Proper identification and maintenance of computing equipment are critical for refrigeration and air conditioning professionals who rely on CAD software for design accuracy and productivity. In Kenya, where environmental conditions such as dust and power fluctuations are common, safeguarding hardware ensures longevity and consistent performance. This section explores how to identify key computing devices used in CAD, their specifications, and best care practices.

1.1.1 Key types of computing equipment used in CAD

Several types of computing equipment are essential for running CAD software efficiently in refrigeration and air conditioning design:

  • Desktop Computers: These offer high processing power and expandability, ideal for intensive CAD operations involving 3D modeling and rendering.
  • Laptops: Portable alternatives suitable for site visits and client presentations, with specifications tailored to CAD requirements.
  • Graphics Tablets: Used for precision drawing and annotations, enhancing manual input alongside digital tools.
  • Monitors: High-resolution displays improve clarity and detail visibility, important for intricate HVAC schematics.
  • Input Devices: Keyboards, mice, and 3D mice facilitate navigation and manipulation of CAD models.

1.1.2 Specifications of computing equipment for CAD

Name Specification Use
Desktop Computer Intel Core i7 or higher, 16GB RAM, 512GB SSD, NVIDIA Quadro GPU Runs complex CAD software for design and simulation
Laptop Intel Core i5 or higher, 8GB RAM, 256GB SSD, dedicated GPU Portable CAD work and on-site adjustments
Graphics Tablet Pressure sensitivity levels >2048, resolution >5080 LPI Precision sketching and editing of CAD drawings
Monitor Minimum 24-inch, 1920x1080 resolution, IPS panel Detailed visualization of CAD drawings
Input Devices Ergonomic keyboard and 3D mouse Efficient navigation and CAD command input

1.1.3 Usage guidelines for computing equipment in refrigeration and air conditioning CAD

  • Ensure the desktop or laptop has updated drivers and CAD-compatible operating systems.
  • Use graphics tablets to enhance manual drawing accuracy when modifying HVAC schematics.
  • Position monitors at eye level to reduce strain during prolonged design sessions.
  • Connect input devices securely and configure shortcuts to speed up repetitive CAD tasks.
  • Regularly back up CAD files to external storage or cloud services to prevent data loss.

1.1.4 Maintenance and care of computing equipment

  • Clean computer surfaces and peripherals weekly using anti-static cloths to avoid dust accumulation.
  • Use surge protectors to guard against power fluctuations common in many Kenyan regions.
  • Schedule monthly hardware diagnostics and software updates to maintain optimal performance.
  • Keep ventilation areas of desktops and laptops clear to prevent overheating.
  • Store graphics tablets and input devices in protective cases when not in use to avoid damage.
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🔒1.2 Meaning and types of CAD

Understanding what CAD entails and the types of software available equips refrigeration and air conditioning professionals to select appropriate tools for design tasks. CAD systems vary from 2D drafting to advanced 3D modeling, each serving specific functions…

🔒1.4 2D and 3D drafting technique

2D drafting involves creating flat, two-dimensional representations of objects or systems. In refrigeration and air conditioning, 2D drawings typically include layout plans, schematic diagrams, and piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs). These drawings pr…

🔒1.5 Applying CAD software in drawing

CAD software is a powerful tool that transforms the way refrigeration and air conditioning professionals create, modify, and communicate technical drawings. Proper application of CAD software enhances accuracy, reduces errors, and accelerates project timelines…

🔒1.6 Importing CAD files

Importing CAD files is a critical skill for refrigeration and air conditioning professionals using computer aided design software. In Kenya, projects often require integration of designs from various sources such as suppliers, contractors, or consultants. Bein…

🔒1.7 Identification of Various Drawing Tools

In Refrigeration and Air Conditioning (RAC) design, precise and clear technical drawings are crucial for successful system installation and maintenance. CAD software provides a variety of drawing tools that enable professionals to create detailed schematics, l…

🔒1.8 Identification of Various Editing Tools

In Refrigeration and Air Conditioning drafting, precise modification of CAD drawings is crucial for accurate installation and maintenance documentation. Editing tools in CAD software enable professionals to alter design elements efficiently, ensuring that layo…

Chapter Summary

This chapter began by emphasizing the importance of proper identification and maintenance of computing equipment to ensure efficient operation of CAD systems. It then introduced the concept of Computer Aided Design, highlighting various popular CAD software such as AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, SolidWorks, Inventor, Circuit Maker, and Electronic Workbench. The differences between 2D and 3D drafting techniques were explained, illustrating their applications in creating detailed technical drawings. The chapter demonstrated how to effectively apply CAD software in the drawing process, including the steps for importing CAD files. It provided detailed identification and use of essential drawing tools like lines, rectangles, circles, arcs, text, splines, construction lines, polylines, and hatch patterns. Furthermore, it covered various editing tools available in CAD software, such as offset, copy, mirror, erase, array, break, fillet, chamfer, explode-scale, trim, and extend, describing their functions in modifying drawings. Overall, the chapter equipped learners with foundational knowledge and practical skills to navigate and utilize CAD software proficiently.

Self-Assessment

🔒 PDFDownload this self-assessment, with answers

A. Written Assessment

  1. What is the primary purpose of CAD software in refrigeration and air conditioning design? (2 marks)
  2. Identify two types of CAD software commonly used for 3D modeling in HVAC systems. (2 marks)
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Chapter Examination Questions

🔒 PDFDownload these examination questions, with worked answers

SECTION A (40 Marks) - Answer ALL Questions

  1. Explain the importance of proper care and maintenance of computing equipment in a refrigeration and air conditioning workshop at Nairobi Hospital. (4 marks)
  2. Differentiate between 2D and 3D drafting techniques used in CAD software for refrigeration system designs. (4 marks)
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Chapter Practical Activities

Practical 1: Inspection and Maintenance of CAD Computing Equipment

Refrigeration And Air Conditioning · Level 6
Computer Aided Design
PRACTICAL ASSESSMENT
TIME: 4 HOURS
⬇ PDFCandidate Instructions (Candidate Tool)

Type: Individual

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:
1.  You are required to perform the following task:
i.  Inspect and perform proper cleaning and maintenance of a CAD desktop computer setup including monitor, keyboard, mouse, and CPU unit as per the provided equipment specifications.
2.  You have been provided with the following resources for the practical task:
Tools & EquipmentMaterials
Screwdriver Set (Phillips and Flathead)Isopropyl Alcohol (70%)
Compressed Air CanisterLatex Gloves
Microfiber Cleaning ClothDust Mask
Cotton Swabs
Antistatic Wrist Strap
⬇ PDFResources Required (Cutting List)
S/NItemQuantity
1Desktop Computer with CAD software installed1 Pc per Candidate
2LCD Monitor 24 inch1 Pc per Candidate
3Standard Computer Keyboard1 Pc per Candidate
4Optical Mouse1 Pc per Candidate
5Compressed Air Canister1 Pc per Candidate
6Microfiber Cleaning Cloth2 Pcs per Candidate
7Isopropyl Alcohol (70%)100 ml per Candidate
8Antistatic Wrist Strap1 Pc per Candidate
9Screwdriver Set (Phillips and Flathead)1 Set per Candidate
10Cotton Swabs10 Pcs per Candidate
11Latex Gloves1 Pair per Candidate
12Dust Mask1 Pc per Candidate
13Instruction Manual for the CAD Equipment1 Pc per Candidate
⬇ PDFAssessor Guide
Items to be EvaluatedMarks AvailableMarks ObtainedComments
TASK 1: Preparation and Safety Compliance
Wore PPE including latex gloves, dust mask, and antistatic wrist strap
(Award 1 mark for correct PPE worn or zero)		1
Handled tools and equipment according to workshop safety procedures
(Award 1 mark for correct tool handling or zero)		1
Sub-Total2
TASK 2: Inspection of CAD Computing Equipment
Inspected desktop unit for dust, loose cables, and physical damage
(Award 1 mark for complete inspection or zero)		1
Checked monitor screen for cleanliness and dead pixels
(Award 1 mark for thorough check or zero)		1
Examined keyboard and mouse for dirt accumulation and key functionality
(Award 1 mark for proper examination or zero)		1
Sub-Total3
TASK 3: Cleaning and Maintenance
Used compressed air to blow out dust from CPU vents and keyboard
(Award 1 mark for each component cleaned or zero)		2
Cleaned monitor screen with microfiber cloth and isopropyl alcohol
(Award 1 mark for proper cleaning or zero)		1
Cleaned keyboard keys and mouse surfaces with cotton swabs and cleaning solution
(Award 1 mark for effective cleaning or zero)		1
Checked and tightened any loose screws on CPU unit and peripherals
(Award 1 mark for securing screws or zero)		1
Sub-Total5
TASK 4: Post-maintenance Checks and Housekeeping
Reassembled equipment correctly and verified all connections
(Award 1 mark for proper reassembly or zero)		1
Powered on the computer and checked for normal operation
(Award 1 mark for successful startup or zero)		1
Performed housekeeping by cleaning the work area and safely storing tools
(Award 1 mark for good housekeeping or zero)		1
Sub-Total3
TASK 5: Reporting
Prepared a maintenance report listing equipment inspected, faults found, cleaning procedures, and recommendations
(Award 1 mark each for title, content completeness, and recommendations)		3
Sub-Total3
PRODUCT CHECKLIST
Equipment is clean, dust-free, and free from physical damage
(Award 2 marks for equipment condition as per standards or zero)		2
All screws and connections are secure and intact
(Award 1 mark for secure assembly or zero)		1
Computer powers on and runs CAD software without errors
(Award 2 marks for successful operation or zero)		2
Maintenance report is complete, clear, and professionally presented
(Award 2 marks for report quality or zero)		2
Sub-Total7
GRAND TOTAL23
ASSESSMENT OUTCOME:   ☐ Competent    ☐ Not Yet Competent (competent if at least 50%)

Practical 2: Explain types of CAD software and their applications

Refrigeration And Air Conditioning · Level 6
Computer Aided Design
PRACTICAL ASSESSMENT
TIME: 3 HOURS
⬇ PDFCandidate Instructions (Candidate Tool)

Type: Individual

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:
1.  You are required to perform the following task:
i.  Prepare a detailed report explaining the types, features, and applications of AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, SolidWorks, Inventor, CircuitMaker, and Electronic Workbench software, including their key dimensions of usage.
2.  You have been provided with the following resources for the practical task:
Tools & EquipmentMaterials
Computer with installed AutoCAD softwareNote-taking materials (notebook, pen)
Computer with installed ArchiCAD software
Computer with installed SolidWorks software
Computer with installed Inventor software
Computer with installed CircuitMaker software
Computer with installed Electronic Workbench software
Projector or display screen
⬇ PDFResources Required (Cutting List)
S/NItemQuantity
1Computer with installed AutoCAD software1 Pc per Candidate
2Computer with installed ArchiCAD software1 Pc per Candidate
3Computer with installed SolidWorks software1 Pc per Candidate
4Computer with installed Inventor software1 Pc per Candidate
5Computer with installed CircuitMaker software1 Pc per Candidate
6Computer with installed Electronic Workbench software1 Pc per Candidate
7Projector or display screen1 Pc per Station
8Note-taking materials (notebook, pen)1 Set per Candidate
⬇ PDFAssessor Guide
Items to be EvaluatedMarks AvailableMarks ObtainedComments
TASK 1: Demonstrate understanding of CAD software types
Wore appropriate PPE (if applicable) and maintained workstation neatness
(Award 1 mark for proper PPE use and cleanliness or zero)		1
Accessed and navigated each CAD software (AutoCAD, ArchiCAD, SolidWorks, Inventor, CircuitMaker, Electronic Workbench)
(Award 0.5 marks per software for correct navigation and demonstration)		3
Identified and explained key features of each CAD software
(Award 1 mark per software for clear explanation of features)		6
Explained practical applications of each CAD software in relevant industries
(Award 1 mark per software for accurate application explanation)		6
Handled computer hardware and software according to institutional procedures
(Award 1 mark for correct handling and safety practices or zero)		1
Prepared and presented a clear, concise report covering all required points
(Award up to 3 marks based on clarity, completeness, and organisation)		3
Sub-Total20
PRODUCT CHECKLIST
Report includes detailed descriptions of each CAD software type with features and applications
(Award 5 marks if report covers all six software types comprehensively, else partial marks)		5
Report is well structured, legible, and free from major errors
(Award 3 marks for professional presentation and readability)		3
Report demonstrates understanding of software differences and usage contexts
(Award 2 marks for accurate comparison and contextualisation)		2
Sub-Total10
GRAND TOTAL30
ASSESSMENT OUTCOME:   ☐ Competent    ☐ Not Yet Competent (competent if at least 50%)
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🔒Perform 2D Drafting Techniques to Create a Technical Drawing of a Rectangular PlatePractical 3
🔒3D Modelling of a Mechanical Part using CAD SoftwarePractical 4
🔒Import and Verify External CAD FilesPractical 5
🔒Draw Basic Technical Shapes Using CAD SoftwarePractical 6
🔒Create complex curves using arc, spline, and construction line tools in CADPractical 7
🔒Draw polylines and apply hatch patterns to defined CAD areasPractical 8
🔒Modify a 150mm x 100mm rectangular plate using offset and copy editing tools in CADPractical 9
🔒Edit CAD drawing by applying mirror and erase commandsPractical 10
🔒Create and Modify CAD Patterns Using Array and Break ToolsPractical 11
🔒Apply Fillet and Chamfer Editing Tools on a CAD DrawingPractical 12
🔒Explode and scale a mechanical assembly drawingPractical 13
🔒Modify line lengths using trim and extend tools in CADPractical 14
🔒Create a complete CAD drawing of a rectangular mechanical part using multiple toolsPractical 15
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Am I competent?

At the start of this chapter we promised you would be able to:

  • Identify the correct computing equipment and software needed for your CAD tasks.
  • Use drawing CAD software accurately to meet the specific requirements of your project.
  • Select the appropriate CAD software templates based on the type of drawing you need to create.
  • Import CAD files correctly into your working space following the drawing instructions.
  • Identify and apply the correct symbols, codes, and standards using the software’s built-in functions.
  • Apply drawing elements precisely according to the task requirements.
  • Use editing tools correctly to modify your drawings as needed.

Tick each one you can genuinely do.

So, are you there yet?

You're competent when you can confidently do 50% or more of what this chapter promised.

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Ch 2: Produce geometric drawings →