1.1 Destination route identification
Destination route identification is the process of finding, assessing and choosing the best way to reach a wildlife destination and to move around within it. Before a tour, the guide scouts the route to confirm distances, road conditions, travel times, rest stops, park entry gates and the places where wildlife is most likely to be seen. A well-chosen route keeps guests safe, saves time and fuel, and makes the most of viewing opportunities. Example: before a new itinerary to Meru National Park, a guide drives the route from Meru town through Murera gate, records the condition of each section and marks a lunch stop near the Rojewero River.
Factors considered when identifying a route
- Distance and travel time: Shorter routes save time, but a longer tarmac route may be faster and more comfortable than a short rough track.
- Road condition and season: Some park and rural roads become impassable in the long rains, so alternative routes are noted.
- Safety and security: Areas with insecurity, dangerous crossings or poor visibility are avoided or travelled with escorts.
- Wildlife and scenery: Routes passing waterholes, salt licks, river crossings and viewpoints increase sightings.
- Park regulations: Only designated roads and tracks may be used; off-road driving is banned or restricted in most parks.
- Facilities: Fuel stations, toilets, picnic sites, lodges and medical facilities along the way.
- Guest needs: Age, fitness, interests and time available.
Steps in route identification
- Study maps and guidebooks: Identify possible routes, gates, roads and attractions.
- Consult local sources: Talk to rangers, lodge staff, other guides and the park office about current conditions.
- Scout the route physically: Drive or walk it, recording distances, times and hazards.
- Mark key points: Note junctions, landmarks, viewpoints and stops, with GPS coordinates where possible.
- Identify alternatives: Plan a second route for bad weather, road closures or emergencies.
- Prepare a route plan: Write the route, timings and stops into the tour itinerary and brief the driver.
Information recorded during scouting
- Landmarks: Hills, rivers, signposts and buildings used to navigate.
- Hazards: Washouts, steep slopes, narrow bridges, wildlife crossing points.
- Communication: Places with and without mobile network coverage.
- Emergency points: Ranger posts, airstrips and clinics.
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Create a free account 🔒1.2 Identification of navigation tools
Navigation tools are the instruments and aids a guide uses to find the way, know their position and follow a planned route in parks, reserves, forests and open country. Wildlife areas often have few signposts, many similar-looking tracks and poor mobile covera…
🔒1.3 Categorization of navigation tools
Navigation tools can be grouped in several ways, which helps a guide choose the right combination for each tour and to carry a backup in case one tool fails. The main categories are by technology (traditional or electronic), by purpose (position finding, direc…
🔒1.4 Uses of navigation tools
Navigation tools allow a guide to plan, follow and record routes, to keep the group safe and on schedule, and to share accurate information with guests, the operator and rescue services. Each tool has particular uses, and using several together gives the most…
🔒1.5 Procedure of using navigation tools
Using navigation tools correctly requires a set procedure, so that the guide knows where the group is at every stage and can recover quickly from a mistake. The procedure combines map reading, compass work and GPS use, with each tool checking the others. Examp…
