By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
Mastering these skills will help you design and maintain electronic circuits confidently and safely, making you a valuable technician in the electronics trade.
Type: Individual
| Tools & Equipment | Materials |
|---|---|
| Breadboard | 9V Battery |
| Wire Stripper | Battery Snap Connector |
| Side Cutter | Light Emitting Diode (LED) 5mm Red |
| Multimeter | Resistor 470Ω, 0.25W |
| Pencil and Eraser | Connecting Wires |
| Schematic Drawing Sheet (A4) | |
| Labelling Stickers |
| S/N | Item | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Breadboard | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 2 | 9V Battery | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 3 | Battery Snap Connector | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 4 | Light Emitting Diode (LED) 5mm Red | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 5 | Resistor 470Ω, 0.25W | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 6 | Connecting Wires | 10 Pcs per Candidate |
| 7 | Wire Stripper | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 8 | Side Cutter | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 9 | Multimeter | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 10 | Schematic Drawing Sheet (A4) | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 11 | Pencil and Eraser | 1 Set per Candidate |
| 12 | Labelling Stickers | 5 Pcs per Candidate |
| 13 | Overall/Dust coat | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 14 | Safety Boots | 1 Pair per Candidate |
| Items to be Evaluated | Marks Available | Marks Obtained | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| TASK 1: Observed Safety and Prepared Workstation | |||
| Wore overall/dust coat and safety boots before starting the task. (Award 1 mark for each PPE correctly worn or zero x 2 = 2 Marks) | 2 | ||
| Organised all materials and tools on the workstation before commencing work. (Award 2 marks for complete and neat arrangement, 0 for incomplete arrangement) | 2 | ||
| Sub-Total | 4 | ||
| TASK 2: Designed and Interpreted the Circuit Schematic | |||
| Correctly drew the schematic diagram for the LED indicator circuit showing battery, resistor, and LED. (Award 4 marks for a correct, complete, and labelled schematic, 0 for incomplete or wrong schematic) | 4 | ||
| Correctly selected the 470Ω resistor suitable for a 9V supply and red LED. (Award 2 marks for correct resistor selection, 0 for incorrect) | 2 | ||
| Sub-Total | 6 | ||
| TASK 3: Assembled and Wired the Circuit | |||
| Firmly mounted all components (battery snap, resistor, LED) on the breadboard. (Award 3 marks for all components firmly mounted, 0 for loose or missing components) | 3 | ||
| Correctly connected the circuit as per the schematic, observing polarity of the LED. (Award 4 marks for 100% correct wiring and polarity, 0 for any error) | 4 | ||
| Sub-Total | 7 | ||
| TASK 4: Tested and Labelled the Circuit | |||
| Used the multimeter to check circuit continuity before powering. (Award 2 marks for correct continuity test, 0 if not done or incorrect) | 2 | ||
| Powered the circuit and observed LED illumination. (Award 2 marks if LED lights up upon powering, 0 if not) | 2 | ||
| Correctly labelled all components on the breadboard using labelling stickers. (Award 2 marks for all components clearly labelled, 0 if any missing) | 2 | ||
| Sub-Total | 6 | ||
| TASK 5: Performed Housekeeping | |||
| Cleaned the workstation and returned all unused materials and tools. (Award 2 marks for complete cleaning and returning, 0 for incomplete) | 2 | ||
| Sub-Total | 2 | ||
| PRODUCT CHECKLIST | |||
| Assembled LED circuit matches schematic layout and is neat. (Award 3 marks for correct and tidy assembly, 0 for incorrect or untidy) | 3 | ||
| LED illuminates when powered with 9V battery. (Award 3 marks if LED lights up, 0 if not) | 3 | ||
| Resistor value in circuit is 470Ω ±5%. (Award 2 marks for correct resistor value, 0 for incorrect) | 2 | ||
| Sub-Total | 8 | ||
| GRAND TOTAL | 33 | ||
Type: Individual
| Tools & Equipment | Materials |
|---|---|
| Breadboard | 12V DC Power Supply |
| Multimeter | NPN Transistor (BC547) |
| Side Cutter | Resistors (1kΩ, 4.7kΩ, 220Ω) |
| Screw Driver | 12V Miniature Lamp (60mA) |
| Labelling Stickers | Push Button Switch (NO) |
| Connecting Wires |
| S/N | Item | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Breadboard (830 tie points) | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 2 | 12V DC Power Supply | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 3 | NPN Transistor (BC547) | 2 Pcs per Candidate |
| 4 | Resistors (1kΩ, 4.7kΩ, 220Ω) | 2 Pcs each per Candidate |
| 5 | 12V Miniature Lamp (60mA) | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 6 | Push Button Switch (NO) | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 7 | Connecting Wires (assorted) | 20 Pcs per Candidate |
| 8 | Multimeter | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 9 | Side Cutter | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 10 | Screw Driver (small) | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 11 | Labelling Stickers | 10 Pcs per Candidate |
| 12 | Overall/Dust Coat | 1 Pc per Candidate |
| 13 | Safety Boots | 1 Pair per Candidate |
| Items to be Evaluated | Marks Available | Marks Obtained | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| TASK 1: Observed Occupational Health and Safety | |||
| Wore overall/dust coat and safety boots throughout the task. (Award 1 mark for overall/dust coat, 1 mark for safety boots or zero.) | 2 | ||
| Sub-Total | 2 | ||
| TASK 2: Identified and Correctly Used Components and Tools | |||
| Correctly identified and labelled NPN transistor (BC547), resistors (1kΩ, 4.7kΩ, 220Ω), 12V lamp, push button, and power supply. (Award 1 mark for each component correctly identified and labelled.) | 5 | ||
| Correctly used breadboard, multimeter, side cutter, and screw driver during circuit construction. (Award 1 mark for each tool correctly used.) | 4 | ||
| Sub-Total | 9 | ||
| TASK 3: Designed and Constructed Transistor-Based Switch Circuit | |||
| Correctly drew and labelled the schematic diagram for the transistor switch circuit. (Award 6 marks for correct schematic with all components and connections labelled.) | 6 | ||
| Mounted all components firmly on the breadboard as per schematic. (Award 3 marks for correct and firm mounting of all components.) | 3 | ||
| Connected the circuit as per schematic, observing correct polarity and resistor values. (Award 2 marks for correct transistor placement, 2 marks for resistors, 2 marks for lamp and push button.) | 6 | ||
| Labelled all components using labelling stickers. (Award 2 marks for clear and accurate labelling.) | 2 | ||
| Sub-Total | 17 | ||
| TASK 4: Tested and Operated the Circuit | |||
| Performed continuity test using multimeter to confirm correct connections. (Award 3 marks for correctly testing continuity at all major junctions.) | 3 | ||
| Tested circuit functionality: Lamp switches ON when push button is pressed, and OFF when released. (Award 4 marks if lamp responds correctly to push button action.) | 4 | ||
| Measured voltage across lamp and transistor collector-emitter with multimeter to confirm operation. (Award 3 marks for correct voltage readings.) | 3 | ||
| Sub-Total | 10 | ||
| TASK 5: Performed Housekeeping | |||
| Kept the working area tidy, returned tools and unused materials, and disposed of wire clippings. (Award 2 marks for proper housekeeping or zero.) | 2 | ||
| Sub-Total | 2 | ||
| PRODUCT CHECKLIST | |||
| Circuit dimensions on breadboard: total length ≤ 120mm, width ≤ 50mm. (Award 2 marks if circuit fits within specified dimensions.) | 2 | ||
| All connections are neat, secure, and components are not loose. (Award 3 marks for neatness and secure mounting.) | 3 | ||
| Circuit operates as per schematic: Lamp switches ON/OFF reliably via push button. (Award 5 marks for correct operation and response to input.) | 5 | ||
| Transistor operates in switching mode (saturation when ON, cutoff when OFF; confirmed by voltage readings). (Award 3 marks if transistor switching verified by voltage measurements.) | 3 | ||
| Sub-Total | 13 | ||
| GRAND TOTAL | 53 | ||
At the start of this chapter we promised you would be able to:
Tick each one you can genuinely do.
So, are you there yet?
You're competent when you can confidently do 50% or more of what this chapter promised.
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